4/17/2023 0 Comments Plaaying the cardinal relationshipHernando is suspected of the murder since he has fled, and the Cardinal has been appointed as the Duchess's guardian. The court is abuzz with gossip about Columbo's death. Hernando manages to wound Columbo, who forgives Hernando with his dying breath. Before they start fighting, he announces his intent to avenge Alvarez's death. Hernando sets up a duel between himself and Columbo, ostensibly to avenge his honor at being dismissed from the field during battle. After he leaves, the Duchess says she's still angry and hopes that Hernando's plan succeeds in killing both Columbo and the Cardinal. The Duchess is convinced, and apologizes to the Cardinal. The Cardinal enters as Hernando leaves, and tells the Duchess that she is being too severe in her anger over Columbo's pardon. She promises to marry him if he succeeds. Hernando arrives to entreat the Duchess to devise some revenge for Alvarez's murder, proposing himself to kill Columbo, then the Cardinal. He curses her with his revenge and says he'll kill anyone else she ever presumes to marry. The King orders the Cardinal to go to the Duchess and try to reconcile her.Ĭolumbo forces his way into the Duchess's chambers. Hernando goes off to comfort the Duchess. Some time has passed, and Hernando, in conversation with two lords, remarks on the King's pardoning of Columbo. Columbo takes responsibility and produces the letter the Duchess wrote asking him to release her, which he says is proof of her attempt to discredit his name. The masquers get Alvarez to join in, they take him offstage to costume him, and bring him back dead. A group of masquers pre-empt the performance, and Columbo joins in as part of the masque. The secretary persuades some servants to present a play for the King and court, in celebration of the Duchess's marriage. Two lords bring news that the army has triumphed is marching homeward. The Cardinal enters and is furious the two argue and the Duchess resolves to marry Alvarez. The King consents to let her marry Alvarez, saying he'll be a guest at their wedding. The Duchess goes to the King with a letter from Columbo, releasing her from contract to him. She does not advise what the letter contained and instructs the Secretary to take two thousand ducats from the steward. The Secretary returns with Columbo's response to the Duchess' letter. He determines that this is just a ruse on her part to get him to come home to her faster. Columbo receives a letter from the Duchess asking him to release her from any contract or agreement, and becomes angry. Hernando, Alphonso, and Columbo are holding a war council to discuss the lack of preparedness and training among the army. Alvarez comes in and the two discuss their love and plans to be with each other. As soon as she is alone, the Duchess says that she intends to secure the promise she first made to love Alvarez, a man of the court. The King decrees that Columbo will marry the Duchess on the day of his return. Columbo comes to say goodbye, and the King and Cardinal arrive to see Columbo off. The Secretary arrives and brings news that the men are preparing for war and Columbo has been chosen as general. The Duchess asks her ladies for their opinions of the men at court. Alphonso arrives and brings news that the Arragonians are preparing for war against them. Two lords praise the qualities of the Duchess, who has just finished mourning for her lost husband they voice their disapproval of The Cardinal's plans to marry her to his nephew, Columbo. The play was revived again at the Southwark Playhouse in May 2017. The play was revived early in the Restoration period, with an opening night at the Theatre Royal in Vere Street on 23 July 1662. Bowers called Shirley's play a "coherent Kydian revenge tragedy, polished and simplified in his best manner." It was considered to be "the first among Shirley's tragedies." Nineteenth-century and twentieth-century critics, including Edmund Gosse and Fredson Bowers, considered it among his finest works. The play was published in Six New Plays, an octavo collection of Shirley's works issued by the stationers Humphrey Moseley and Humphrey Robinson in 1653 – one of a series of Shirley collections from this era. The Cardinal was acted instead by the King's Men at the Blackfriars Theatre. The play belongs to the final phase of Shirley's career as a London playwright, when he was no longer serving as the house dramatist of Queen Henrietta's Men. It was licensed for performance by Sir Henry Herbert, the Master of the Revels, on 25 November 1641, and first published in 1653. The Cardinal is a tragedy by James Shirley, written in the Caroline era.
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